• The pancreas is a gland located behind the stomach.
• It produces insulin and other hormones to regulate blood sugar and enzymes to help digest food.
• The pancreas plays a key role in both the digestive and endocrine systems.

• The mosquito carries the Plasmodium parasite, which enters the human bloodstream during a bite.
• Malaria cannot spread directly from person to person without a mosquito vector.

• Blood flows very slowly in capillaries to allow efficient exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste between blood and tissues.
• This slow speed is essential for proper functioning of the body’s cells.

• Ribosomes are tiny cell structures that make proteins.
• They read genetic instructions from RNA to assemble amino acids into proteins.
• Ribosomes are found in both plant and animal cells, either free in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.

• Ronald Ross discovered that malaria is transmitted by mosquitoes in 1897.
• He showed that the Anopheles mosquito carries the malaria parasite from person to person.
• This discovery helped in controlling and preventing the spread of malaria.

• Urbanization is the process of people moving to cities and towns, leading to their growth.

It increases the demand for housing, roads, and infrastructure.

• Agriculture is the practice of growing crops and raising animals for food and resources.

It often requires clearing land, which can impact forests and natural habitats.

• Rising sea levels
• Extreme weather events like floods, storms, and heatwaves
• Melting glaciers and loss of biodiversity
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These effects result from long-term changes in temperature and weather patterns.

• Displacement is the change in position of an object from its initial point to its final point.
• It is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction.
• Displacement shows the shortest straight-line distance between two points.

• Stock value is related to economics and finance, not physics.
• Physics deals with matter, energy, motion, and forces.
• Therefore, stock value is not a term used in physics.

• The solvent commonly used in soft drinks is water.
• It dissolves sugar, flavors, and carbon dioxide in the drink.
• Water makes up the largest portion of soft drinks.